Analysis of a child with carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A deficiency due to variant of CPT1A gene / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To report on the clinical, metabolic and genetic characteristics of a child with carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) deficiency.@*METHODS@#Clinical data and the level of acylcarnitine for a child who initially presented as epilepsy were analyzed. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the child and her parents and subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS).@*RESULTS@#Mass spectrometry of blood acylcarnitine indicated increased carnitine 0 (C0) and significantly increased C0/ (C16+C18). DNA sequencing revealed that the child has carried compound heterozygous variants of the CPT1A gene, namely c.1846G>A and c.2201T>C, which were respectively inherited from her mother and father.@*CONCLUSION@#CPT1A presenting initially as epilepsy was unreported previously. Analysis of blood acylcarnitine C0 and C0/ (C16 + C18) ratio and NGS are necessary for the identification and diagnosis of CPT1A deficiency. The c.1846G>A and c.2201T>C variants of the CPT1A gene probably underlay the disease in this child. Above finding has also enriched the spectrum of CPT1A gene variants.

Microneedle-mediated intradermal injection with hyaluronic acid for the treatment of sensitive skin: a split-face study / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective@#To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of microneedle-mediated intradermal injection with hyaluronic acid for the treatment of sensitive skin.@*Methods@#A total of 53 female patients aged 21-54 years and diagnosed with sensitive skin were enrolled from Department of Cosmetic Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from January to June in 2018, and were divided into 3 groups by using a random number generator and a residue-based method: high-pressure jet injection group (n = 23) receiving high-pressure jet injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side) and high-pressure jet injection with 0.9% sodium chloride solution on the left side of the face (control side) once every 2 weeks, microneedle injection group (n = 15) receiving microneedle-mediated injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side) and microneedle-mediated injection with 0.9% sodium chloride solution on the left side of the face (control side) once every 4 weeks, combination group (n = 15) receiving microneedle-mediated injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side) and high-pressure jet injection with hyaluronic acid on the left side of the face (control side) once every 4 weeks. All the patients in the above 3 groups received 4 consecutive sessions of treatment. Before the initial treatment and 2 weeks after the final treatment, erythema and skin pore scores were determined on the right and left sides of the face by using VISIA facial imaging system, lactic acid stinging test was performed, and skin sensitivity including severity of itching, dryness, erythema and scaling was evaluated. Two weeks after the final treatment, the overall improvement was evaluated with the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) by clinicians and patients. Adverse reactions were recorded during and after treatment. Statistical analysis was carried out by using paired t test, Wilcoxon sign rank sum test and chi-square test.@*Results@#Two weeks after the final treatment, the improvement of skin pore score in the treatment side was superior to that in the control side in the high-pressure jet injection group (t = 2.19, P = 0.03) , while no significant difference in the improvement of erythema score was observed between the treatment side and control side (t = 1.10, P = 0.27) ; in the microneedle injection group, the improvement of erythema and skin pore scores was greater in the treatment side than in the control side (t = 2.47, 3.02, both P = 0.01) ; in the combination group, the VISIA erythema score in the treatment and control sides was 0.59 ± 0.25 and 0.85 ± 0.31 respectively, the improvement of erythema score in the treatment side was superior to that in the control side (t = 5.02, P < 0.01) , while there was no significant difference in the improvement of skin pore score between the treatment side and control side (P > 0.05) . Two weeks after the final treatment, the severity of itching, dryness and scaling was significantly improved in both the treatment and control sides in the 3 groups compared with those before the initial treatment (P < 0.05) , while the severity of erythema was significantly improved only in the treatment side in the microneedle injection group and combination group when compared with that before the initial treatment (Z = -2.236, -2.887, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Moreover, both the microneedle injection group and combination group showed significantly decreased severity of erythema in the treatment side compared with that in the control side two weeks after the final treatment (Z = -2.646, -2.887, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Two weeks after the final treatment, the positive rate of the lactic acid stinging test significantly decreased in the treatment side compared with that before the initial treatment in the microneedle injection group (χ2 = 4.821, P = 0.028) , but showed no significant changes in the other groups (all P > 0.05) . No severe adverse reactions were observed during or after the treatment.@*Conclusion@#Microneedle intradermal injection with hyaluronic acid can effectively and safely improve erythema, skin pore and sensitive symptoms in patients with sensitive skin.

Microneedle-mediated intradermal injection with hyaluronic acid for the treatment of sensitive skin: a split-face study / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of microneedle-mediated intradermal injection with hyaluronic acid for the treatment of sensitive skin.Methods A total of 53 female patients aged 21-54 years and diagnosed with sensitive skin were enrolled from Department of Cosmetic Dermatology,Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from January to June in 2018,and were divided into 3 groups by using a random number generator and a residue-based method:high-pressure jet injection group (n =23) receiving high-pressure jet injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side) and high-pressure jet injection with 0.9％ sodium chloride solution on the left side of the face (control side) once every 2 weeks,microneedle injection group (n =15) receiving microneedle-mediated injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side)and microneedle-mediated injection with 0.9％ sodium chloride solution on the left side of the face (control side) once every 4 weeks,combination group (n =15) receiving microneedle-mediated injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side) and high-pressure jet injection with hyaluronic acid on the left side of the face (control side) once every 4 weeks.All the patients in the above 3 groups received 4 consecutive sessions of treatment.Before the initial treatment and 2 weeks after the final treatment,erythema and skin pore scores were determined on the right and left sides of the face by using VISIA facial imaging system,lactic acid stinging test was performed,and skin sensitivity including severity of itching,dryness,erythema and scaling was evaluated.Two weeks after the final treatment,the overall improvement was evaluated with the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS)by clinicians and patients.Adverse reactions were recorded during and after treatment.Statistical analysis was carried out by using paired t test,Wilcoxon sign rank sum test and chi-square test.Results Two weeks after the final treatment,the improvement of skin pore score in the treatment side was superior to that in the control side in the high-pressure jet injection group (t =2.19,P =0.03),while no significant difference in the improvement of erythema score was observed between the treatment side and control side (t =1.10,P =0.27);in the microneedle injection group,the improvement of erythema and skin pore scores was greater in the treatment side than in the control side (t =2.47,3.02,both P =0.01);in the combination group,the VISIA erythema score in the treatment and control sides was 0.59 ± 0.25 and 0.85 ± 0.31 respectively,the improvement of erythema score in the treatment side was superior to that in the control side (t =5.02,P ＜ 0.01),while there was no significant difference in the improvement of skin pore score between the treatment side and control side (P ＞ 0.05).Two weeks after the final treatment,the severity of itching,dryness and scaling was significantly improved in both the treatment and control sides in the 3 groups compared with those before the initial treatment (P ＜ 0.05),while the severity of erythema was significantly improved only in the treatment side in the microneedle injection group and combination group when compared with that before the initial treatment (Z =-2.236,-2.887,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,both the microneedle injection group and combination group showed significantly decreased severity of erythema in the treatment side compared with that in the control side two weeks after the final treatment (Z =-2.646,-2.887,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).Two weeks after the final treatment,the positive rate of the lactic acid stinging test significantly decreased in the treatment side compared with that before the initial treatment in the microneedle injection group (x2 =4.821,P =0.028),but showed no significant changes in the other groups (all P ＞ 0.05).No severe adverse reactions were observed during or after the treatment.Conclusion Microneedle intradermal injection with hyaluronic acid can effectively and safely improve erythema,skin pore and sensitive symptoms in patients with sensitive skin.

Analysis and Study in Testing of Infrared Therapy Equipment / 中国医疗器械杂志

This article summarizes the common problems in registration and supervision testing of infrared therapy equipment, combines YY 0306-2008 Particular requirements for the safety of heat radiation therapy equipment, GB 9706.1-2007 Medical electrical equipment-Part 1:General requirements for safety, Registration technical review guidelines for infrared treatment equipment, etc. This paper analyzes and discusses the following aspects, including classification and applicable standards, performance indicators and overtemperature protection. Some suggestions and solutions are given to provide some guidance for medical equipment manufacturers in design, research and development and registration, in order to avoid the problem effectively and improve the passing rate of testing.

Clinical features, prognosis, and related factors of severe viral encephalitis in children / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To understand the clinical features and prognosis of children with severe viral encephalitis (SVE), evaluate the related factors affecting prognosis. Methods Clinical data of 102 children with SVE in pediatric neurological ward and pediatric intensive care unit in Hunan Children's Hospital between January 2014 and January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. According to prognosis, children were divided into good prognosis group(n =24, children's Glasgow outcome scale[CGOS]: 4 — 5) and poor prognosis group(n = 78, CGOS: 1 - 3), clinical data of two groups of children were compared, risk factors affecting the prognosis of SVE children were analyzed. Results In good prognosis group, 15 cases were cured and 9 had mild sequelae; in poor prognosis group, 14 cases died, 25 had severe sequelae, and 39 had moderate sequelae. The duration of fever and length of hospital stay in good prognosis group were both shorter than poor prognosis group, difference was statistically significant (both P く0.05). Multivariate unconditioned logistic regression analysis showed that adverse factors for prognosis of SVE were as follows: convulsive status, respiratory failure, longer fever period(＞5 days), severely abnormal electroen-cephalogram(EEG), head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions involving more than two sites or lesions involving the infratentorial, and stress hyperglycemia, odds ratio(OR) were 13.468, 4.580, 2.378, 10.196, 3.012, and 6.316 respectively. Conclusion SVE is a serious threat to quality of children's life, convulsive status, respiratory failure, longer fever period, severely abnormal EEG, head MRI lesions involving more than two sites or lesions involving the infratentorial, and stress hyperglycemia are risk factors for prognosis of SVE in children.

The clinical efficacy and follow-up study of ketogenic diet adding treatment for refractor epilepsy in children / 中国医师杂志

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and follow-up study of ketogenic diet adding treatment for refractor epilepsy in children.Methods Cluster sampling method was employed to select children in children's hospital from January 2015 to June 2017,a total of 25 cases were diagnosed refractor epilepsy and adding ketogenic diet.Engel grade was used to evaluate the efficiency,the side effects,electroencephalogram (EEG) changes and intellectual development at 3 months,3-6 months,and more than 6 months.Results The effective rate of epileptic seizure control was 0,66.7％ and 87.5％ at 3 months,3 -6 months and ＞ 6 months respectively.The improvement rate of EEG discharge index was 33.3％,50％ and 81.3％ respectively.The improvement of intelligence development was 33.3％,50％ and 68.8％ respectively.Gastrointestinal disturbances were the main side effects.Severe side effect occurred in two cases--they had severe food refusal and were stopped the ketogenic diet adding treament.Conclusions The ketogenic diet is effective,safe,few side effects and tolerable in infants and children with refractory epilepsy.The ketogenic diet may improve cognition and behavior in addition to reducing seizure frequency,the interical epileptiform discharges (IED) index and improve the quality of life of epileptic children.However,the acceptance of ketogenic diet therapy for children is not satisfactory.The sample size is small and needs further promotion.While large samples and long-term observations are still desired to better recipes,and to provide possibly effective altemative to other therapies for refractor epilepsy.

The clinical value of pentraxin3 in community-acquired pneumonia of children / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To investigate the clinical value of pentraxins 3 ( PTX3) in children's com-munity-acquired pneumonia ( CAP ). Methods We collected 122 inpatients diagnosed with CAP from Department of Respiratory Medicine and Intensive Care Unit ( ICU) of Hunan Children's Hospital from March 2016 to January 2017,whose ages were between 28 days and 18 years old. We collected 20 healthy subjects as control group. According to the severity of illness,122 inpatients were divided into mild group and severe group. According to respiratory failure or not,122 inpatients were divided into the respiratory failure group and the non-respiratory failure group. According to the optimal thresholds of PTX3 in the study on respir-atory failure,122 inpatients were divided into group A (≤165. 30 ng/ml) and group B (>165. 30 ng/ml). Results (1) There was significant difference in the PTX3 level within 24 h after admission of patients among mild group, severe group and control group [72. 56 (96. 02) ng/ml,211. 00 ( 110. 72 ) ng/ml,9. 45 (3. 29) ng/ml,H＝87. 99,P<0. 001]. The PTX3 level of patients with respiratory failure was higher than non-respiratory failure group and the difference was statistically significant[225. 60(189. 56)ng/ml,138. 49 (144. 40) ng/ml,U ＝494. 00,P <0. 001]. (2) Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis with TNF-α, CRP,PCT and PTX3 showed that the area under the curve of PTX3 was largest in diagnosis of respiratory failure. The top three of accuracy were PTX3,PCT and TNF-α respectively to diagnose the severe pneumonia with respiratory failure. The sensitivity and specificity were 0. 826 and 0. 657,0. 783 and 0. 566,0. 730 and 0. 586,respectively. ( 3 ) The correlation analysis between PTX3 and other inflammatory biomarkers and clinic opathological features of patients with CAP showed that TNF-α,PCT were positively correlated with PTX3 level,the correlation coefficients were 0. 59,0. 18 respectively. PTX3 level was positively correlated with respiratory frequency (r＝0. 388),and negatively correlated with pulse oximetry ( r ＝ －0. 251) and PaO2(r＝ －0. 316). The D-dimer level of PTX3 severe group (group B) was higher than that of the mild group (P＝0. 022). There was a positive correlation between the PTX3 level and the D-dimer line ( r ＝0. 228,P＝0. 012). (4) Dynamic observation of PTX3 level in children with CAP:PTX3 level [M(IQR), ng/ml] was highest at 24 h after hospital admission,equaling to 152. 55(152. 22); PTX3 equaled to 89. 12 (111. 44) after 3 days'treatment; and decreased to 47. 26(68. 51) after 7 days'treatment,and the difference among these time points were statistically significant(P<0. 01). The difference of PTX3 level between mild group and severe group in distinct time points(less 24 h,3 days and 7 days after hospital admission) was also statistically significant(P<0. 001). Conclusion The level of serum PTX3 in children with CAP was posi-tively correlated with TNF-α,PCT and D-dimer. Serum PTX3 is a potential new biomarker to revel the sever-ity of community-acquired pneumonia of children.

Clinical analysis of 1 090 cases of rosacea and exploration of new diagnostic criteria for rosacea / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To propose a new diagnostic criterion for rosacea based on the analysis of clinical features of rosacea in a large sample.Methods A total of 1 090 Chinese outpatients with rosacea were enrolled from Department of Dermatology of Xiangya Hospital,and their demographic data,clinical manifestations and subjective symptoms were collected.According to results of descriptive analysis,clinical features of rosacea were summarized,and a new diagnostic criterion for rosacea was set up.Then,the sensitivity and specificity of the new diagnostic criterion were verified among 1 200 outpatients clinically characterized by facial erythema.Results Of 1 090 patients with rosacea,131 (12.0％) were male and 959(88.0％) were female,and the average age was 33.5 ± 11.1 years (range,10-66).Among the 1 090 patients,715 (65.6％) had initial lesions on the cheek,of whom,712 (99.6％) had intermittent flushing as the initial symptom,and 689 (96％) had sensitive skin symptoms such as dryness,burning and itching sensations;208 (19.1％) had initial lesions on the perioral region,of whom,204 (98.1％) had persistent erythema as the initial symptom;167 (15.3％) had initial lesions on the nose,of whom,163 (97.6％) had persistent erythema as the initial symptom;in addition,311 (28.5％) had lesions on the ocular region,and only 24 (2.2％) had lesions outside the face on the neck and retroauricular region.Based on these clinical features,a new diagnostic criterion for rosacea was proposed,including 1 major condition (intermittent flushing or persistent erythema on the cheek,perioral region or nose) and 5 minor conditions (1.sensitive skin symptoms such as burning,tingling,drying or itching sensations;2.telangiectasia;3.papules or pustules;4.hypertrophy;5.ocular symptoms).If with the major condition and at least one minor condition were met,patients could be diagnosed with rosacea.After verification among 1 200 patients with facial dermatitis clinically characterized by facial erythema,the new criterion was proved to have a sensitivity of 99.3％ and a specificity of 95.8％.Conclusion A new diagnostic criterion for rosacea with high sensitivity and specificity is proposed,which is worthy of clinical application.

Perspectives on antibacterial activities of traditional Chinese medicine and its potential mechanisms / 中国生化药物杂志

The discovery and use of antibiotics is one of the most important breakthroughs in medical history.However, the uprising and spread of the drug-resistance bacterial pathogens have posed a great threat on human health once again.There is an urgent need to develop new antibiotics.Traditional Chinese medicine contains a large volume of bioactive substances suited for novel antibiotic development.However, clinical use of antibiotics of Chinese medicine originis are very rare despite the fact that Chinese medicine has been used for infectious diseases for many years.In this paper, we propose a new mechanism of action for Chinese medicine in treating infectious diseases based on our experimental data.Unlike conventional antibiotics which kill pathogens or inhibit their growth, the traditional Chinese medicine probably function through repressing bacterial pathogenicity.That is, they are actually “antipathogenic drugs”.There are several advantages these antipathogenic drugs possess over traditional antibiotics, including that pathogens are less likely to develop resistance and the drugs have less effect on normal members of the human microbe.

Association of ORMDL3 single nucleotide polymorphisms with lysophosphatidylcholine and apolipoprotein B levels in children with asthma / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association of ORMDL3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 300 children diagnosed with bronchial asthma between January 2010 and December 2012 were selected for the asthma group, and 298 children diagnosed with upper respiratory tract infection in the same period were selected for the control group. Serum LysoPC and apoB levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genotype analysis was performed using the TaqMan probe.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LysoPC and apoB levels were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the control group (P<0.01). Among children with various genotypes of ORMDL3 gene at locus rs12603332, the asthma group had significantly higher LysoPC and apoB levels than the control group (P<0.01). Among the children with asthma, those with CC genotype had significantly higher LysoPC and apoB levels than those with CT and TT genotypes (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LysoPC and apoB may intervene in the pathological process of asthma. Pro-inflammatory gene ORMDL3 SNP rs12603332 may be associated with high LysoPC and apoB levels, which leads to the occurrence of childhood asthma.</p>

Qianlongtong capsule elevates the Smad4 gene expression in prostate stromal cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of the plasma containing Qianlongtong Capsule (QLT)-containing plasma on the expression of the Smad4 gene in prostate stromal cells in vitro and provide some experimental evidence for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with Chinese medicinal compound.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen cases of BPH were equally randomized to three groups to be treated with QLT at a high dose (6 capsules once), a medium dose (3 capsules once), and a low dose (1.5 capsules once), tid, for 7 days consecutively. QLT-containing plasma was collected from the patients. Prostate stromal cells were identified by immunofluorescence when they became monolayered and cultured in the QLT-containing plasma for 24 hours, followed by detection of the expression of the Smad4 gene by real-time quantitative PCR and that of the Smad4 protein by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment with the QLT-containing plasma, the expression of the Smad4 gene in the stromal cells was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner as compared with the blank control and no-QLT groups (P < 0.01). The expression of the Smad4 protein was also markedly elevated after treatment. The differences were statistically significant between the blank control and medium-dose groups (P < 0.01), low-dose and medium-dose groups (P < 0.05), and high-dose and the other groups (P < 0.01), but not between the blank control and low-dose groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QLT-containing plasma could inhibit the proliferation and improve the apoptotic index of prostate stromal cells in vitro, which was related to the elevation of the mRNA and protein expressions of Smad4.</p>

Factors predicting the risk of seizure relapse after antiepilepsy drug withdrawal in childhood epilepsy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the factors associated with seizure relapse after antiepilepsy drug (AED) withdrawal in childhood epilepsy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in epileptic children of Hunan Children's Hospital from Jan.2003 to Jan.2011.Among those with anti-epileptic therapy for seizure-free period over 2 years,the patients who relapsed after withdrawal were followed up through outpatient clinic visits and/or by telephone interviews for at least 2 years.Results Of the 127 cases of children enrolled in this study,28 patients(22.05％) relapsed [male:12/59 cases (20.34％) and female:16/68 cases (23.53％)].Cumulative relapse rates were 18.18％ (8/44 cases) in infancy,15.79％ (6/38 cases) in toddlers,23.53％ (8/34 cases) in preschool children,and 54.55％ (6/11 cases)in school age group.Of the patients who relapsed,generalized seizure occurred in 12/87 cases (13.79％),partial seizure in 16/40 cases(40.00％).According to seizure frequency between the first seizure and AED administration,3 cases(6.25％) relapsed among 48 cases of seizure frequency ＜ 5 times,13 cases(24.07％) relapsed among 54 cases of seizure frequency 5 to 10 times,and 12 cases(48.00％) relapsed among 25 cases of seizure frequency more than 10 times.Relapse occurred in 9 cases of monotherapy(9/91 cases,9.89％) and in 19 cases of polytherapy (19/36 cases,52.78％).According to the seizure control period (period between the beginning of antiepileptic treatment and AED withdrawal),14 cases relapsed among 37 cases with the seizure control period of 2 to 3 years (37.84％),8 cases relapsed among 51 cases with the period of 3 to 4 years (15.69％),and 6 cases relapsed among 39 cases with the period of 4 to 5 years(15.38％).According to AED tapering off period,10 cases relapsed among 24 cases with the period of 3 months (41.67％),9 cases relapsed among 36 cases with the period of 3-6 mc ths (25.00％),and 9 cases relapsed among 67 cases with the period of over 6 months(13.43％).Factors associated with an increased risk of relapse were age of epilepsy onset,seizure type,route of administration,timing of antiepileptic trug withdrawal,tapering speed,which were had statistical significance (x =8.051,6.780,16.896,27.607,7.576,8.451,all P ＜0.05).Gender difference was not associated with the risk of relapse(x2 =0.187,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Factors associated with an increased risk of relapse are age of epilepsy onset,seizure type,route of administration,timing of antiepileptic drug withdrawal,tapering speed.Standard therapies of early treatment,adherence to medication for at least 3 years,taper period for more than 6 months are associated with a decreased probability for relapse.

Changes of Caveolin-1, IL-1β, VEGF in cerebrospinal fluid of children with viral encephalitis and their clinical significance / 国际儿科学杂志

Objective To detect the disparity of three biological molecules Caveolin-1,IL-1β,VEGF in cerebrospinal fluid of children with viral encephalitis at the different stages; to explore the role of Caveolin-1,IL-1β,VEGF in the pathogenesis of viral encephalitis;and to evaluate their clinical significance in assessing the severity and prognosis of viral encephalitis.Methods We recruited 65 inpatients children with viral encephalitis in the Second Neurology Department of Hunan Children's Hospital from July 2011 to July 2012.Subjects were divided into 2 groups:54 cases of acute phase and 11 cases of recovery phase.According to the clinical manifestations,they were re-divided into 40 patients with mild viral encephalitis and 25 cases of severe viral encephalitis.Twenty healthy age matched controls (10 cases of epilepsy and 10 cases of congenital abnormality) were also taken for the study.Cerebrospinal fluid exam,EEG,head MRI and other tests were performed in all patients.Caveolin-1,IL-1β and VEGF levels in cerebrospinal fluid of 65 children with viral encephalitis and 20 age-matched controls were measured using ELISA.Results Cerebrospinal fluid Caveolin-1,IL-1β,VEGF levels in the acute phase of viral encephalitis were (49.209 ± 22.320) pg/ml,(16.923 ± 6.823) ng/ml,(44.342 ± 19.264) ng/ml respectively,and (33.253 ± 20.349)pg/ml,(11.724 ± 3.009)ng/ml,(30.312 ± 18.147) ng/ml in recovery phase,which were significantly higher than those of controls (P ＜0.01).The difference was statistically significant between acute phase and recovery phase (P ＜ 0.05).Acute viral encephalitis patients had higher Caveolin-l,IL-1β,VEGF levels than the epilepsy group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In viral encephalitis group,children with cerebrospinal fluid protein content (0.5 ～ 1.0 g / L) had higher of Caveolin-1,IL-1β and VEGF levels as compared with those with cerebrospinal fluid protein content ≤ 0.5 g/L,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).Cerebrospinal fluid Caveolin-1,IL-1 β and VEGF showed no significant difference among children with different severity of encephalitis,different levels of frequent seizures,different degrees EEG changes (P ＞ 0.05).But in the patients with severe head MRI changes,cerebrospinal fluid Caveolin-1,IL-1β,VEGF levels increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Caveolin-1,IL-1β and VEGF may participate in the pathogenesis of viral encephalitis.Detection of these parameters may be helpful to the evaluation of the severity and prognosis of viral encephalitis.

Risk factors for infants and young children with wheezing in Zhongshan city / 临床儿科杂志

Objectives To analyze the risk factors associated with infant wheezing in Zhongshan city. Methods A multi-center, large sample of case-control study was applied and the data related to risk factors was collected by questionnaire survey. T test and chi-square test were firstly used for univariate analysis, and then the multivariate stepwise logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors associated with infant wheezing. Results A total of nine factors were found rele-vant to infant wheezing by univariate analysis including parental allergic history, way of birth, respiratory syncytial virus infec-tion, Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, personal allergic history, like crying, parents have constant disagreements, home near the road, and factory around (P<0.05). Parental allergic history (OR=3.441, 95%CI:1.914-6.186, P<0.001), respiratory syncy-tial virus infection (OR=2.910, 95%CI:1.793-4.723, P<0.001), Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (OR=2.277,95%CI:1.110-4.667, P=0.025), home near the road (OR=2.036, 95%CI:1.280-3.239, P=0.003) and like crying (OR=1.521, 95%CI:1.049-2.206, P=0.027) were approved to be the independent risk factors of infant wheezing in ZhongShan. Conclusions Nine factors have relationship with infant wheezing, including parental allergic history, respiratory syncytial virus infection, Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, home near the road, like crying, personal allergic history, and that the former five factors are the indepen-dent risk factors.

Clinical analysis of purulent meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae in 12 children / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of purulent meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae.Methods We studied clinical features of 12 children with purulent meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae who were hospitalized from Jan 2007 to Oct 2011 in our hospital.Results Twelve children were penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae.The ages ranged from 2 months to 10 years.Nine cases(75％) were aged less than 5 years,and 5 cases(41.6％) were aged less than 2 years.All cases were with fever,and with the nervous system symptoms involvement.All cases were with complications:9 cases(75％) with septicemia,8 cases (66.7％) with pneumonia.The white blood cells,blood C-reactive protein,peripheral blood procalcitonin,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,white cells and protein in cerebrospinal fluid were mostly significantly high,sugar in cerebrospinal fluid were low significantly.Eleven cases were eventually treatmented by vancomycin plus 3rd to 4rd generations of cephalosporins antibiotics or other antibiotics.Eight cases were cured,2 cases with serious sequela,and 2 cases died.Conclusion We should attach importance to the meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae.For clinical suspects pneumonia streptococcus meningitis,to given the powerful therapy by vancomycin plus the other antibiotics,as early as possible.

Efficacy of specific sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops in the treatment of cough variant asthma in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the efficacy and safety of specific sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops in the treatment of cough variant asthma in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 106 children aged 4-14 years old with cough variant asthma and positive skin prick test responses to dermatophagoides farinae allergens were randomly divided into two groups: SLIT group (n=53), which received specific sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops as well as standardized treatment and conventional treatment group (n=53), which received standardized treatment alone. Improvement in cough/asthma symptom scores and the time taken for symptoms to improve were observed after treatment. Serum eosinophil (EOS) level and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured after treatment. The side effects were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the conventional treatment group, the SLIT group showed significant decrease in symptom scores and serum EOS level and significant increase in PEF (P<0.05). The time at which symptoms began to improve in the SLIT group was earlier than in the conventional treatment group (P<0.05). The effective rate in the SLIT group was significantly higher than in the conventional treatment group (85% vs 68%; P<0.05). Local reactions such as redness, swelling, and itching occurred in some children of the SLIT group but disappeared on the following day.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Specific sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops is an effective and highly safe treatment for cough variant asthma in children.</p>

Study of genetic susceptibility in 198 children with asthma / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the frequency distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of four asthma-related gene loci (ACE I/D; ADRB2 Arg16Gly; TNF-α G-308A; MS4A2 Glu237Gly) in 198 asthmatic children, and to investigate its association with genetic susceptibility to childhood asthma and some clinical phenotypes of asthma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction product electrophoresis identification and real-time quantitative PCR detecting system were used to determine the frequency distributions of the SNPs of the four asthma-related gene loci in 198 asthmatic children and 110 healthy controls. The serum total IgE (TIgE) levels and blood eosinophil proportion (%EOS) of the asthmatic children were measured. Different genotypes at the four asthma-related gene loci were compared in terms of TIgE and %EOS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The genotype DD of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) had a significantly higher frequency in the asthmatic children than in the healthy controls (χ2= 30.667, P<0.01), and the frequency of D allele was also significantly higher in the asthmatic children than in the healthy controls (χ2=7.151, P<0.01). No correlation was found between the polymorphism of each gene locus and serum TIgE level and %EOS (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Genotype DD of ACE is related to genetic susceptibility to childhood asthma and may be the risk factor for childhood asthma.</p>

Effects of juglans mandshurica maxim on immune function of ionizing irradiated mice / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To evaluate the effects of alcohol extract of juglans mandshurica maxim (AEBJ) on immune function of ionizing irradiated mice.Methods The mice were randomly divided into normal control group,irradiating control group,low AEBJ(300 mg?kg-1)irradiating group,high AEBJ(600 mg? kg-1)irradiating group,low AEBJ plus drugs only group and high AEBJ plus drugs only group.The number of WBC and LYMPH,LYMPH%,viscera index,ability of lymphocytes transformation were examined.Results Compared with normal control group,the number of WBC and LYMPH,LYMPH%,viscera index,ability of lymphocytes transformation in irradiating control group were decreased significantly (P